Hub-and-Spoke Cartels: Enforcement Challenges under India’s Competition Act

Hub-and-Spoke Cartels: Enforcement Challenges under India’s Competition Act

Author: Tejaswini Nair, 4th-year B.B.A. LL.B. (Hons.) student at Symbiosis Law School Pune INTRODUCTION Hub-and-spoke cartels are a sophisticated form of anti-competitive practice under the Competition Act, 2002[1]. In these arrangements, a central entity, the “hub,” such as a supplier, distributor, or digital platform facilitates coordination among competing firms, the “spokes.”[2] Unlike traditional cartels defined…

India’s Carbon Market: A Step Forward or A Flawed Plan?

India’s Carbon Market: A Step Forward or A Flawed Plan?

Author: Utkarsh Sharma, 4th Year B.B.A. LL.B. (Hons.) student at Symbiosis Law School Pune INTRODUCTION Following the agenda of reducing Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions set forth in the Kyoto Protocol, the parliament of India passed the Energy Conservation (Amendment) Act of 2022. This amendment added Section 14(w) to the Energy Conservation Act of 2001 (ECA)…

Separate Legal Personality vs. Accountability: A Corporate Law Analysis

Separate Legal Personality vs. Accountability: A Corporate Law Analysis

Author: Lakshya Bansal, 4th-year B.B.A. LL.B. (Hons.) student at Symbiosis Law School Pune INTRODUCTION The most renowned principle of company law related to the corporate veil was developed through the UK case of Salomon v Salomon & co. Ltd., where Solomon, who was a leather merchant, transferred his business to a company named Solomon &…